Skin cancers

Overview

Cutaneous cancers are cancers arising from the skin. They are among the most common cancers worldwide and are broadly classified into:

• Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) – most common, slow growing

• Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) – locally aggressive if untreated

• Melanoma – less common but potentially life-threatening

Because the skin is visible, these cancers are often detected early and are highly curable when treated promptly.

Causes and Risk Factors

The primary cause of skin cancer is ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage to skin DNA. Risk factors include:

• Excessive sun exposure, especially during childhood

• Fair skin, light hair, and tendency to sunburn

• Outdoor occupations (farmers, construction workers)

• Previous burns, scars, or chronic wounds

• Exposure to chemicals (arsenic, tar)

• Weakened immune system

• Family or personal history of skin cancer

Common Symptoms

Skin cancers usually appear as visible changes in the skin.

Warning signs include:

• A non-healing ulcer

• A new lump or thickened patch

• A scaly or crusted lesion

• Bleeding or oozing sore

• A mole that changes in size, shape, or color

Danger signs in a mole (ABCDE rule):

• Asymmetry

• Border irregularity

• Color variation

• Diameter > 6 mm

• Evolving appearance

Any persistent skin lesion lasting more than 4 weeks should be evaluated.

Screening and Prevention

Skin cancer is one of the most preventable cancers.

Prevention measures:

• Avoid midday sun exposure (10 AM – 4 PM)

• Use sunscreen (SPF ≥ 30) regularly

• Wear protective clothing and hats

• Avoid tanning lamps

• Regular self-examination of skin monthly

Screening

• Annual dermatologist examination for high-risk individuals

• Immediate check for changing moles or non-healing wounds

Early detection results in cure rates exceeding 90%.

Treatment Approaches

Treatment depends on cancer type and stage.

Common treatment options:

• Surgical excision (most common curative treatment)

• Mohs micrographic surgery for cosmetically sensitive areas

• Cryotherapy or topical therapy for superficial lesions

• Radiation therapy for inoperable lesions or elderly patients

• Immunotherapy or targeted therapy for melanoma

Radiotherapy is especially useful where surgery may cause cosmetic or functional loss (face, eyelids, nose, ears).

Cutting-Edge Cancer Care by Dr. Rajesh Natte

Dr. Rajesh Natte, an expert in precision radiation oncology, treats skin and colorectal cancers using advanced radiotherapy techniques.

Using Image-Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT), Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), and electron beam therapy, radiation is delivered precisely to skin tumors while sparing surrounding normal tissues.

With custom immobilization, surface-guided radiation therapy, and AI-assisted planning, excellent cosmetic outcomes can be achieved — especially for cancers of the face and scalp.

Patients benefit from:

• Organ preservation

• Minimal scarring

• Excellent cosmetic results

• Short outpatient treatment courses

Conclusion

Skin cancers are highly curable when detected early. Sun protection, self-examination, and prompt medical evaluation remain the best defense.

Through modern radiation techniques and personalized care, Dr. Rajesh Natte provides safe and effective treatment for cutaneous and colorectal cancers — ensuring cure while preserving appearance and quality of life.